FALSO CONSENSO: EL FANTASMA DE LA BUENA FE EN EL ARTÍCULO 7(1) DE LA CISG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46553/prudentia.93.2022.pp.139-178Palabras clave:
Buena fe, Civil Law, Common Law, CISG, Lex mercatoria, Derecho contractual transnacionalResumen
La buena fe es una de las materias que divide al Civil Law del Common Law, y es el punto de partida para discutir sobre la filosofía subyacente que se encuentra detrás de las posturas pro-buena fe y anti-buena fe. Con este panorama, la CISG optó por un modelo restrictivo de buena fe (amigable, en principio, para los anglosajones) y así quedó expresado en su texto, siendo el artículo 7(1) de la CISG la única disposición que menciona la buena fe y con relación a la interpretación de la CISG. Sin embargo, dado que se trató de un falso consenso, la historia no terminó ahí y el fantasma de la buena fe civilista sigue penando en las instalaciones de la CISG, y así, aunque no esté físicamente, su presencia podría ser sentida a través de la lex mercatoria conforme al artículo 9º de la CISG.
Descargas
Citas
Andersen, C. B. (2014). “Good faith? Good grief!” International Trade and Business Law Review. Vol. 17, Nro. 1, 310-321.
Atamer, Yesim M. (2011). “Article 79”, en S. Kröll, L. Mistelis & M. del P. Perales Viscasillas (eds.). UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG). 1st edition. Oxford. C.H. Beck - Hart - Nomos.
Audit, B. (1998). “The Vienna Sales Convention and the Lex Mercatoria”, en Th. Carbonneau (ed.). Lex mercatoria and arbitration. Cambridge. Kluwer Law International, 173-194.
Bamodu, G. (1998). “Exploring the interrelationships of transnational commercial law, ‘the new lex mercatoria’ and international commercial arbitration”, en African Journal of International and Comparative Law. Vol. 10, Nro 1, 31-59.
Beale, H. (2006). “General clauses and specific rules in the Principles of European Contract Law: The ‘good faith’ clause”, en S. Grundmann y D. Mazeaud (eds.). General Clauses and Standards in European Contract Law. Comparative Law, EC Law and Contract Law Codification. The Hague. Kluwer Law International, 205-218.
Bell, G. (2007). “How the fact of accepting good faith as a general principle of the CISG will bring more uniformity”, en Pace International Law Review (ed.). Review of the Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) 2005-2006. Munich. Sellier European Law Publishers, 3-22.
Berger, K. (2010). The creeping codification of the new lex mercatoria. Second edition. USA. Wolters Kluwer.
Berger, K (2011). “Codification of the new lex mercatoria through the internet: the TransLex Principles at www.trans-lex.org”, en T. Weiler; F. Baetens (eds.). New Directions in International Economic Law. In Memoriam Thomas Wälde. Boston. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 79-106.
Berger, K. y Arntz, Ts. (2016). “Good faith as a ‘general organising principle’ of the common law”, en Arbitration International. Vol. 32, Nro. 1, 167-178.
Bonell, M. (1990). “‘Force majeure’ and ‘hardship’ nel diritto uniforme della vendita internazionale”, en Diritto del Commercio Internazionale. Vol. 4, 543-571.
Bonell, M. (2000). “The UNIDROIT Principles and transnational law”, en Uniform Law Review. Vol. 5, Nro. 2, 199-217.
Bonell, M. (2008). “The CISG, European Contract Law and the Development of a World Contract Law”, en The American Journal of Comparative Law. Vol. 56, Nro. 1, 1-28.
Bonell, M. (2010). “Symposium Paper: The UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts: Achievements in Practice and Prospects for the Future”, en Australian International Law Journal. Vol. 17, Nro. 1, 177-184.
Bridge, M. (1984). “Does anglo-canadian contract law need a doctrine of good faith?”, en The Canadian Business Law Journal. Vol. 9, Nro. 4, 385-426.
Bridge, M. (2005). “Doubting good faith”, en New Zealand Business Law Quarterly. Vol. 11, 430-450.
Bridge, M. (2017). “Good faith, the Common Law, and the CISG”, en Uniform Law Review. Vol. 22, Nro. 1, 98-115.
Bullard, A. y Repetto, J. (2014). “Charles Darwin y el Arbitraje”, en Forseti. Nro. 1, 111-128.
Calliess, G. (2007). “The Making of Transnational Contract Law”, en Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies. Vol. 14, Nro. 2, 469-483.
Carbonneau, T. (ed.) (1998). Lex mercatoria and arbitration. Cambridge. Kluwer Law International.
Cordero, G. (2007). “International contracts between Common Law and Civil Law: Is non-state law to be preferred? The difficulty of interpreting legal standards such as good faith”, en Global Jurist. Vol. 7, Nro. 1, 1-38.
Cordero, G. (2011). “The transnational law of contracts: what it can and what it cannot achieve”, en T. Weiler y F. Baetens (eds.). New Directions in International Economic Law. In Memoriam Thomas Wälde. Boston. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 45-78.
Daintith, T. (2017). “Against lex petrolea”, en The Journal of World Energy Law & Business. Vol. 10, Nro. 1, 1-13.
Davies, M. (2014). “Excuse of impediments and its usefulness”, en L. Di Matteo (ed.). International Sales Law. A Global Challenge. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press, 295-305.
Dawson, J. (1984). “Judicial revision of frustrated contracts: the United States”, en Boston University Law Review. Vol. 64, Nro. 1, 1-38.
De Jesús, A. (2012). “The prodigious story of lex petrolea and the rhinoceros philosophical aspects of the transnational legal order of the petroleum society”, en Transnational Petroleum Law Institute. Vol. 1, Nro. 1, 1-50.
De Ly, F. (1992). International Business Law. UK. Emerald.
Dewez, J.; Ramberg, C.; Momberg, R.; Cabrillac, R. y San Miguel Pradera, L. (2011). “The Duty to Renegotiate an International Sales Contract under CISG in Case of Hardship and the Use of the Unidroit Principles”, en European Review of Private Law. Vol. 19, Nro. 1, 101-154.
DiMatteo, L. & Janssen, A. (2014). “Interpretative methodologies in the interpretation of the CISG”, en L. Di Matteo (ed.). International Sales Law. A Global Challenge. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press, 79-101.
DiMatteo, L. (2015). “Contractual excuses under the CISG: impediment, hardship, and the excuse doctrines”, en Pace International Law Review. Vol. 27, Nro. 1, 258-305.
Du Plessis, P. (2002). “Good faith and equity in the law of contract in the civilian tradition”, en Tydskrif vir Hedendaagse Romeins-Hollandse Reg (Journal for Contemporary Roman-Dutch Law). Vol. 65, Nro. 3, 397-412.
Eiselen, S. (2004). “Remarks on the manner in which the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts may be used to interpret or supplement CISG Article 74”, en Pace International Law Review (ed.). Review of the Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) (2002 – 2003). La Haya. Kluwer Law International, 93-100.
Eiselen, S. (2009). “Literal interpretation: the meaning of the words”, en A. Janssen & O. Meyer (ed.). CISG Methodology. Munich. Sellier, 61-89.
Eiselen, S. (2014). “The CISG as Bridge between Common Law and Civil Law”, en L. A. DiMatteo (ed.). International Sales Law. A Global Challenge. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press, 612-628.
Eörsi, G. (1979). “Problems of unifying law on the formation of contracts for the international sale of goods”, en The American Journal of Comparative Law. Vol. 27, Nro. 2/3, 311-323.
Eörsi, G. (1983). “A Propos the 1980 Vienna Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods”, en The American Journal of Comparative Law. Vol. 31, Nro. 2, 333-356.
Farnsworth, E. (1993). “The concept of good faith in American law”, en Saggi, Conferenze e Seminari. Vol. 10. Roma. Centro di Studi e Richerche di Diritto Comparato e Straniero.
Farnsworth, E. (1995a). “Good faith in contract performance”, en J. Beatson y D. Friedman (eds.). Good faith and fault in contract law. Oxford. Clarendon Press, 153-170.
Farnsworth, E. (1995b). “Duties of Good Faith and Fair Dealing under the Unidroit Principles, relevant International Conventions, and National Laws”, en Tulane Journal of International and Comparative Law. Vol. 3, 47-64.
Felemegas, J. (2007). “Article 7 CISG-PECL”, en J. Felemegas (ed.). An International Approach to the Interpretation of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (1980) as Uniform Sales Law. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press, 268-272.
Ferrari, F. (2009). “Homeward trend: what, why and why not”, en A. Janssen & O. Meyer (ed.). CISG Methodology. Munich. Sellier, 171-206.
Ferrari, F. (2017). “Autonomous interpretation versus homeward trend versus outward trend in CISG case law”, en Uniform Law Review. Vol. 22, Nro. 1, 244-257.
Ferrari, F.; Gillette, C.; Torsello, M. & Walt, S. (2017). “The inappropriate use of the PICC to interpret hardship claims under the CISG”, en Internationales Handelsrecht. Vol. 17, Nro. 3, 97-102.
Flechtner, H. (2001). “Comparing the general good faith provision of the PECL and the UCC: Appearance and reality”, en Pace International Law Review. Vol. 13, Nro. 2, 295-337.
Flechtner, H. (2011). “The exemption provisions of the Sales Convention, including comments on ‘hardship’ doctrine and the 19 June 2009 decision of the Belgian Cassation Court”, en Annals of the Faculty of Law in Belgrade - International Edition. Vol. 2011, 84-101.
Foerstl, U. (2011). The general principle of good faith under the CISG. A functional approach to theory and practice of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods. VDM Verlag.
Fouchard, P. (1965). L’arbitrage commercial international. Paris. Dalloz.
Fouchard, P. (1982). “L’arbitrage international en France après le décret du 12 mai 1981”, en Journal du droit international Journal du droit international. Vol. 109, 374-420.
Fragistas, C. (1960). “Arbitrage étranger et arbitrage international”, en Revue critique de droit international privé. Vol. 49, Nro. 1, 1-20.
García Long, S. (2017a). “La muerte de la buena fe: reflexiones en torno al rol de la buena fe en el derecho comparado. Primera parte”, en Actualidad Civil. Nro. 37, julio, 113-134.
García Long, S. (2017b). “La muerte de la buena fe: reflexiones en torno al rol de la buena fe en el derecho comparado. Segunda parte”, en Actualidad Civil. Nro. 38, agosto, 153-175.
Garro, A. (1995). “The gap-filling role of the UNIDROIT Principles in international sales law: some comments on the interplay between the principles and the CISG”, en Tulane Law Review. Vol. 69, Nro. 5, 1149-1190.
Goldman, B. (1956). “La compagnie de Suez. Société internationale”, en Le Monde (4 de octubre, 3).
Goldman, B. (1964). “Frontières du droit et lex mercatoria”, en Archives de philosophie du droit. Nro. 9, 177-189.
Goldman, B. (1979). “La lex mercatoria dans les contrats et l’arbitrage internationaux: réalité et perspectives”, en Travaux du Comité français de droit international privé. Vol. 2, 221-270.
Goldman, B. (1986). “The applicable law: general principles of law - the lex mercatoria”, en Lew, J. D. M. (ed.). Contemporary Problems in International Arbitration. Londres. Springer, 113-125.
Goldman, B. (1993). “Nouvelles réflexions sur la lex mercatoria”, en Études de droit international en l’honneur de Pierre Lalive. Basel. Editions Helbing & Lichtenhahn, 241-255.
Goldstajn, A. (1961). “The new law merchant”, en Journal of Business Law. Vol. 12, 12-17.
Goldstajn, A. (1973). “The new law merchant reconsidered”, en Recht und internationaler Handel: Festschrift für Clive M. Schmitthoff zum 70. Geburtstag. Frankfurt. Athenäum Verlag, 171-185.
Goode, R. (1992). “The concept of ‘good faith’ in English law”, en Saggi, Conferenze e Seminari. Vol. 2. Roma. Centro di Studi e Richerche di Diritto Comparato e Straniero.
Goode, R. (1997). “Usage and its reception in transnational commercial law”, en International and Comparative Law Quarterly. Vol. 46, Nro. 1, 1-36.
Hesselink, M. (2004). “Chapter 26. The Concept of Good Faith”, en A. Hartkamp, M. Hesselink, E. Hondius, C. Joustra, E. Du Perron y M. Veldman (eds.). Towards a European Civil Code. 3ª edición. La Haya. Kluwer Law International.
Honnold, J. (2009). Uniform Law for International Sales under the 1980 United Nations Convention. Fourth edition. Edited and updated by Harry M. Flechtner. The Hague. Wolters Kluwer.
Horn, N. (1982). “Uniformity and diversity in the law of international commercial contracts”, en N. Horn y C. Schmitthoff (eds.). The Transactional Law of International Commercial Contracts. Boston. Kluwer, 3-18.
Janssen, A. & Wahnschaffe, C. (2020). “COVID-19 and international sale contracts: unprecedented grounds for exemption or business as usual?”, en Uniform Law Review. Vol. 25, Nro. 4, 466-495.
Keily, T. (1999). “Good faith and the Vienna Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods”, en Vindabona Journal of International Commercial and Arbitration. Vol. 3, Nro. 1, 15-40.
Klein, J. (1993). “Good faith in international transactions”, en Liverpool Law Review. Vol. 15, 115-141.
Komarov, A. (2005-06). “Internationality, uniformity and observance of good faith as criteria in interpretation of CISG: Some remarks on article 7(1)”, en Journal of Law and Commerce. Vol. 25, 75-85.
Kuster, D. & Andersen, C. (2016). “Hardly room for hardship. A functional review of article 79 of the CISG”, en Journal of Law & Commerce. Vol. 35, Nro. 1, 1-20.
Lando, O. (1985). “The lex mercatoria in international commercial arbitration”, en The International and Comparative Law Quarterly. Vol. 34, Nro. 4, 747-768.
Lando, O. (2005). “CISG and Its Followers: A Proposal to Adopt Some International Principles of Contract Law”, en The American Journal of Comparative Law. Vol. 53, Nro. 2, 379-401.
Lando, O. (2007). “Is good faith an over-arching general clause in the Principles of European Contract Law?”, en European Review of Private Law. Vol. 15, Nro. 6, 841-854.
Lawson, F. (1951). The rational strength of English law. Londres. Stevens & Son Limited.
Lindström, N. (2006). “Changed Circumstances and Hardship in the International Sale of Goods”, en Nordic Journal of Commercial Law. Vol. 1, 1-29.
Magnus, U. (1998). “Remarks on good faith: The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods and the International Institute for the Unification of Private Law, Principles of International Commercial Contracts”, en Pace International Law Review. Vol. 10, Nro. 1, 89-95.
Magnus, U. (2007). “Article 7 CISG – UP”, en J. Felemegas (ed.). An International Approach to the Interpretation of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (1980) as Uniform Sales Law. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press, 45-48.
Magnus, U. (2009). “Tracing methodology in the CISG: Dogmatic foundations”, en A. Janssen & O. Meyer (ed.). CISG Methodology. Munich. Sellier, 33-59.
Mazzota, F. (2014). “Good Faith Principle: Vexata Quaestio”, en L. A. DiMatteo (ed.). International Sales Law. A Global Challenge. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press, 120-134.
Mistelis, L. (2001). “Is harmonisation a necessary evil? The future of harmonisation and new sources of international trade law”, en I. Fletcher, L. Mistelis y M. Cremona (eds.). Foundations and Perspectives of International Trade Law. Londres. Sweet & Maxwell, 3-27.
Moreno, J. (2014). “El debate sobre el Derecho No Estatal y la Lex Mercatoria”, en Forseti. Nro. 1, 73-97.
Nicholas, B. (1993). “The United Kingdom and the Vienna Sales Convention: another case of splendid isolation?”, en Saggi, Conferenze e Seminari. Vol. 9. Roma. Centro di Studi e Richerche di Diritto Comparato e Straniero.
Núñez del Prado, F. (2019). “The fatal leviathan: A Hayekian perspective of lex mercatoria in Civil Law countries”, en Pace International Law Review. Vol. 31, No. 2, 423-498.
Oviedo Albán, J. (2012). “The general principles of the United Nations Convention for the International Sale of Goods”, en Cuadernos de Derecho Transnacional. Vol. 4, Nro. 1, 165-179.
Pardolesi, R. (2014). “Un nuovo super-potere giudiziario: la buona fede adeguatrice e demolitoria”, en Il Foro Italiano. Vol. 139, Nro. 7-8, 2039-2042.
Perales Viscasillas, P. (2011). “Article 7”, en S. Kröll, L. Mistelis & M. del P. Perales Viscasillas (eds.). UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG). 1st edition. C.H. Beck – Hart – Nomos, 111-141.
Perillo, J. (2004). “Editorial remarks on the manner in which the UNIDROIT Principles may be used to interpret or supplement article 8 of the CISG”, en Pace International Law Review (ed.). Review of the Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) (2002 – 2003). La Haya. Kluwer Law International, 189-194.
Powers, P. (1999). “Defining the undefinable: good faith and the United Nations Convention on the Contracts for the International Sale of Goods”, en Journal of Law and Commerce. Vol. 18, Nro. 2, 333-354.
Saba, N. (2012). “To believe or not to believe: good faith in the CISG”, en Macquarie Journal of Business Law. Vol. 9, 81-87.
Salinas Alcaraz, I. (2014). “The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) and the Common Law: The challenge of interpreting article 7”, en IUSTA. No. 40, enero-junio, 57-93.
Schlechtriem, P. (1986). The Uniform Sales Law: The UN-Convention on Contracts for the International Sales of Goods. Vienna. Manz.
Schlechtriem, P. (1997). “Good faith in German Law and in International Uniform Laws. En Saggi, Conferenze e Seminari. Vol. 24. Roma. Centro di Studi e Richerche di Diritto Comparato e Straniero.
Schmitthoff, C. (1961) [1988]. “International Business Law: A New Law Merchant”, en Cheng, Chia-Jui (ed.). Clive M. Schmitthoff’s Selected Essays on International Trade Law. Holanda. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 20-37.
Schmitthoff, C. (1964). “The Law of International Trade, its Growth, Formation and Operation”, en C. M. Schmitthoff (ed.). The Sources of the Law of International Trade with special reference to East-West Trade. New York, F.A. Praeger.
Schwenzer, I. (2009). “Force majeure and Hardship in International Sales Contracts”, en Victoria University of Wellington Law Review. Vol. 39, Nro. 4, 709-726.
Schwenzer, I. (2014). “Divergent interpretations: Reasons and solutions”, en L. Di Matteo (ed.). International Sales Law. A Global Challenge. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press, 102-119.
Schwenzer, I. & Hachem, P. (2016). “Article 7”, en Ingeborg Schwenzer (ed.). Schlechtriem & Schwenzer Commentary on the UN Convention on the International Sale of Goods (CISG). Fourth edition. Oxford. Oxford University Press, 119-142.
Schwenzer, I. y Muñoz, E. (2019). “Duty to renegotiate and contract adaptation in case of hardship”, en Uniform Law Review. Vol. 24, Nro. 1, 149-174.
Sedki, M. (2018). The role of good faith: A case study of the application of good faith in the CISG. Dissertation theses. University of Cape Town, 1-78.
Sheehy, B. (2007). “Good faith in the CISG: the interpretation problems of article 7”, en Pace International Law Review (ed.). Review of the Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG). La Haya. Kluwer Law International, 153-196.
Sim, D. (2004). “The scope and application of good faith in the Vienna Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods”, en Pace International Law Review (ed.). Review of the Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) (2002 – 2003). La Haya. Kluwer Law International, 19-92.
Sirena, P. y Patti, F. P. (2020). “Hardship and renegotiation of contracts. In the prospective recodification of Italian civil law”, en Bocconi Legal Studies Research Paper Series. Nro. 3706159, 1-24.
Spagnolo, L. (2007). “Opening pandora’s box: good faith and precontractual liability in the CISG”, en Temple International & Comparative Law Journal. Vol. 21, Nro. 2, 261-310.
Stoll, H. & Gruber, G. (2005). “Article 79”, en P. Schlechtriem & I. Schwenzer (eds.). Commentary on the UN Convention on the International Sale of Goods (CISG). 2nd edition. Oxford. Oxford University Press.
Summers, R. (1968). “‘Good faith’ in general contract law and the sales provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code, en Virginia Law Review. Vol. 54, Nro. 2, 195-267.
Tallon, D. (1987). “Article 79”, en C. M. Bianca & M. J. Bonell (eds.). Commentary on the International Sales Law: The 1980 Vienna Sales Convention. Milano. Giuffrè.
Tallon, D. (1993). “The new Dutch Civil Code in a comparative perspective – a French view-point”, en European Law Review. Vol. 1, Nro. 1/2, 189-199.
Tallon, D. (1994). “Le concept de bonne foi en droit français du contrat”, en Saggi, Conferenze e Seminari. Vol. 15. Roma. Centro di Studi e Richerche di Diritto Comparato e Straniero.
Tepeš, N. & Markovinović, H. (2019-2020). “The CISG and the good faith principle”, en Journal of Law and Commerce. Vol. 38, 11-34.
Van Schilfgaarde, P. (1997). “System, good faith and equity in the New Dutch Civil Code”, en European Law Review. Vol. 5, Nro. 1, 1-10.
Veneziano, A. (2010). “UNIDROIT Principles and CISG: Change of Circumstances and Duty to Renegotiate according to the Belgian Supreme Court”, en Uniform Law Review. Vol. 15, Nro. 1, 137-149.
Viejobueno, S. (1995). “Progress through compromise: the 1980 United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods”, en The Comparative and International Law Journal of Southern Africa. Vol. 28, Nro. 2, 200-227.
Viglione, F. (2009). “Good faith and reasonableness in contract interpretation: a comparative perspective”, en European Business Law Review. Vol. 20, Nro. 6, 835-850.
Walt, S. (2015). “The modest role of good faith in uniform sales law”, en Boston University International Law Journal. Vol. 33, 37-73.
Yildirim, A. (2014). “Solid, liquid and gas forms of the new lex mercatoria: how do the operate in practice? Uluslararası Ticari Tahkim ve Yeni Lex Mercatoria”, en International Commercial Arbitration and the New Lex Mercatoria. Uluslararası Ticari Tahkim ve Yeni Lex Mercatoria, 5-26.
Zeller, B. (2000a). “Good faith – The scarlet pimpernel of the CISG”, en International Trade and Business Law Review. Vol. 6, 227-246.
Zeller, B. (2000b). “The UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) – A leap forward towards unified international sales laws”, en Pace International Law Review. Vol. 12, No. 1, 79-106.
Zeller, B. (2003). “Good faith – Is it a contractual obligation?”, en Bond Law Review. Vol. 15, No. 2, 215-239.
Zeller, B. (2009). “The observance of good faith in international trade”, en A. Janssen & O. Meyer (ed.). CISG Methodology. Sellier, 133-149.
Zeller, B. y Andersen, C. (2016). “Good Faith – The Gordian Knot of International Commerce”, en Pace International Law Review. Vol. 28, Nro. 1, 1-28.
Zimmermann, R. y Whittaker, S. (2000). “Good faith in European contract law: surveying the legal landscape”, en Z., R., R. y Whittaker, S. Good faith in European Contract Law. Cambridge University Press, 7-61.
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
