Theory of Surplus Value in Marx

Abstract

The article describes de main principles featured by classical economics, with the purpose of understanding precisely the theory of surplus value postulated by Karl Marx; therefore, the author analyzes some cardinal concepts of that theory. Then he refers to the ideas of: value of goods, cost of salaries, and business benefit –according to Adam Smith and David Ricardo, among others– Afterwards, the author examines Adam Smith and Karl Marx´s critiques to capitalism. Finally he concludes examining both obtainance and magnitude of surplus value, and provides a reflection which defines the theory of surplus value as conceptually wrong.