Los universitarios y sus concepciones políticas a la luz del neotomismo argentino al filo de los siglos XX y XXI

Abstract

The advance of liberalism unsettled Christian philosophy to a rather great extent. It was liberalism the philosophy which established the value of liberty as a maximum aspiration and, in its name, not only the yoke of authority, but also the church were affected. For this reason catholics reconsidered many of their positions in order to offer society the answers they were demanding. This is how the third scholastic was born, conceived as a movement of change against the liberalism which had invaded it all. The promoters of this trend decided to restore the philosophy of Saint Thomas in schools and universities. Argentina also suffered the charge of liberalism, which promoted in catholics the need to find solutions to the most diverse areas, with the aim of imposing catholicism as the organising principle in the social environment, arguing that this had been the historical tendency in the country. In this way the third scholastic renovation, or Neo-Thomism, penetrated Argentina at the edge of the XIX century and in the XX century, and was imposed among the seminarians as well as in the University of Córdoba, particularly in the Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Sociales. During the last years of the decimononic century, the Neo Scholastic school was present in many of the final works students submitted in the Facultad de Derecho, which followed, in this respect, a tradition in the university of Córdoba, and also predominated among certain professors. In this paper, we trace the fundamentals of political power found in these final works by referring, on one hand, to the view this group had about order, equality and progress, and on the other hand, to human rights.